Anand Classes provides detailed Speaker of Lok Sabha (Article 93) Polity Notes for NDA, covering theory, important constitutional provisions, functions, powers, and responsibilities of the Speaker. These notes explain the election, role, and removal procedure of the Speaker of Lok Sabha in a simple, exam-oriented manner to help aspirants prepare effectively for the NDA GAT exam. Click the print button to download study material and notes.
✅ The Speaker of the Lok Sabha (Article 93) – NDA Polity Notes
The Speaker is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha. This position is crucial for the functioning of the Parliament because the Speaker ensures discipline, fairness, and proper conduct of business in the House.
Article 93 of the Constitution of India establishes the offices of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker for the Lok Sabha (House of the People). It mandates that the Lok Sabha must elect two members to serve in these roles “as soon as may be” and to fill any subsequent vacancies that arise. The Speaker presides over the House, maintaining order, while the Deputy Speaker assists and assumes the Speaker’s duties in their absenc
✅ Election and Tenure of Speaker of Lok Sabha
- The Speaker is elected by the members of the Lok Sabha from among themselves.
- In the absence of the Speaker, the Deputy Speaker presides over the House.
- The Speaker continues in office even after dissolution of the Lok Sabha until a new Lok Sabha is formed and elects its Speaker.
- The Speaker submits his/her resignation to the Deputy Speaker.
- The Speaker can be removed by a resolution passed by the majority of the total membership of Lok Sabha, with 14 days’ prior notice. During this period, the Speaker does not preside over the House.
✅ Neutrality and Voting Role of Speaker of Lok Sabha
- After election, the Speaker usually severs ties with his/her political party to maintain impartiality.
- The Speaker does not vote in the first instance but may use a casting vote in case of a tie (deadlock situation).
✅ Salary and Allowances of Speaker of Lok Sabha
- The salary of the Speaker is charged on the Consolidated Fund of India, ensuring independence from executive influence.
✅ Powers and Functions of the Speaker
- Presides over meetings of the Lok Sabha and joint sittings of both Houses of Parliament.
- Decides who can speak in the House.
- Can adjourn the House if quorum (minimum 1/10th members present) is not met.
- Decides whether a bill is a Money Bill or not—this is a final decision and cannot be challenged in court.
- Appoints Chairpersons and Deputy Chairpersons of parliamentary committees.
- Has the final authority in matters of disqualification of MPs under the Anti-Defection Law (Tenth Schedule).
✅ Pro-Tem Speaker
- The Pro-Tem Speaker is a temporary presiding officer.
- Appointed by the President, usually the senior-most member of the new Lok Sabha.
- Functions: Presides over the first sitting of the newly elected Lok Sabha and administers the oath to members. His role ends once the new Speaker is elected.
✅ Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha
- The Deputy Speaker is the Vice-Presiding Officer of the Lok Sabha.
- Presides in case of absence, illness, or death of the Speaker.
- Holds office until:
- He ceases to be a Lok Sabha member, or
- He resigns, or
- He is removed by a resolution passed by the Lok Sabha.
- Expected to remain impartial, and hence usually resigns from his/her political party role.
✅ NDA FAQs for SSB Preparation – Speaker of Lok Sabha
❓ Who elects the Speaker of the Lok Sabha?
Answer:
The members of the Lok Sabha elect the Speaker from among themselves. This ensures that the Speaker enjoys the confidence of the House. It is an important aspect of parliamentary democracy discussed in UPSC NDA polity notes preparation and explained in study resources like download UPSC NDA study material pdf or Anand Classes UPSC NDA notes.
❓ How long does the Speaker remain in office?
Answer:
The Speaker remains in office till the dissolution of the Lok Sabha and continues even after dissolution until a new Speaker is elected by the newly formed Lok Sabha. This continuity ensures there is always a presiding authority. This fact is a common question in UPSC NDA polity notes preparation and NDA exam practice tests.
❓ Can the Speaker be removed? If yes, how?
Answer:
Yes, the Speaker can be removed by a resolution of the Lok Sabha passed by a majority of the total membership, provided a 14-day prior notice is given. During this period, the Speaker cannot preside over the House. This procedure reflects checks and balances in the parliamentary system and is important for NDA polity exam preparation and download UPSC NDA notes study material pdf.
❓ What is the role of the Speaker in Money Bills?
Answer:
The Speaker decides whether a bill is a Money Bill or not. This decision is final and cannot be challenged in any court. This authority highlights the Speaker’s pivotal role in financial legislation, often highlighted in UPSC NDA polity notes preparation and NDA mock tests available in study material pdf from Anand Classes.
❓ What is the role of the Pro-Tem Speaker?
Answer:
The Pro-Tem Speaker, appointed by the President, is the senior-most member of Lok Sabha. He presides over the first sitting, conducts the election of the new Speaker, and administers the oath to members. His role ceases after the new Speaker is elected. This transitional arrangement is explained in UPSC NDA polity notes preparation and detailed in study resources like download UPSC NDA study material pdf.
❓ Who is the Deputy Speaker and how is he different from the Speaker?
Answer:
The Deputy Speaker is the Vice-Presiding Officer of the Lok Sabha, who presides in the absence of the Speaker. Like the Speaker, the Deputy Speaker is also expected to remain impartial and may resign from his political party’s active role. While the Speaker decides on critical matters like Money Bills and disqualification, the Deputy Speaker mainly performs presiding functions. This distinction is frequently asked in NDA polity questions and explained in Anand Classes UPSC NDA notes and study material pdf.
❓ Why is the Speaker considered the guardian of parliamentary democracy?
Answer:
The Speaker ensures that debates are conducted in a fair, impartial, and disciplined manner. He protects the rights of members, maintains order, and ensures that parliamentary rules and procedures are followed. By doing so, the Speaker upholds the democratic spirit of the Constitution. This is why the office of the Speaker is often described as the guardian of parliamentary democracy. This perspective is widely covered in UPSC NDA polity notes preparation and available in study resources like Anand Classes UPSC NDA notes and UPSC NDA study material pdf.
❓ Why does the Speaker not vote in the first instance?
Answer:
The Speaker is expected to act impartially. Hence, he/she does not normally take part in voting. However, in case of a tie (equal votes), the Speaker exercises a casting vote to break the deadlock. This maintains fairness and neutrality of the presiding office. NDA aspirants often find this question in mock tests and UPSC NDA polity notes preparation material.
❓ What is the importance of charging the Speaker’s salary on the Consolidated Fund of India?
Answer:
The salary and allowances of the Speaker are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India, meaning they are not subject to the vote of Parliament. This provides financial independence and safeguards the Speaker from political pressure. Such constitutional provisions ensuring independence are frequently tested in UPSC NDA polity notes preparation and NDA exam study material pdf.
❓ What role does the Speaker play in the Anti-Defection Law?
Answer:
Under the Tenth Schedule of the Constitution (Anti-Defection Law), the Speaker has the final authority to decide on disqualification of members if they defect (leave their party, defy the whip, or voluntarily give up membership). This power makes the Speaker a central figure in ensuring political stability and discipline. It is a high-probability question in NDA polity exam preparation and Anand Classes UPSC NDA notes.
❓ Can the Speaker preside over a joint sitting of Parliament?
Answer:
Yes, the Speaker presides over the joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha) under Article 108, especially for resolving deadlocks on ordinary bills. If the Speaker is absent, the Deputy Speaker presides. This function is critical and repeatedly asked in UPSC NDA polity notes preparation and study material pdf for NDA exams.
❓ How is the Deputy Speaker removed from office?
Answer:
The Deputy Speaker can be removed by a resolution passed in the Lok Sabha by a majority of its members. Like the Speaker, the Deputy Speaker is also expected to remain impartial. This removal process is part of the checks and balances in parliamentary procedure, explained in UPSC NDA polity notes preparation and NDA exam study material pdf like Anand Classes UPSC NDA notes.
❓ Is the decision of the Speaker on Money Bills final?
Answer:
Yes, under Article 110, the Speaker’s decision on whether a bill is a Money Bill is final and cannot be challenged in court. This gives enormous constitutional authority to the Speaker in financial matters. A favorite NDA polity MCQ topic often noted in UPSC NDA notes preparation and downloading UPSC NDA study material pdf.
❓ Who appoints the Pro-Tem Speaker and why?
Answer:
The President appoints the senior-most member of the newly elected Lok Sabha as the Pro-Tem Speaker. His role is temporary—to administer oaths to new members and preside over the election of the new Speaker. Once the new Speaker is elected, the Pro-Tem Speaker’s office ceases. This transitional provision is a common fact tested in UPSC NDA polity notes preparation and NDA mock tests available in study material pdf from Anand Classes.
❓ Why is the Speaker’s impartiality emphasized so much?
Answer:
The Speaker represents the House as a whole, not just one political party. Since he regulates debates, certifies bills, and even decides disqualification of members, his impartiality is crucial for maintaining the credibility of parliamentary democracy. This is a theoretical but important concept often asked in UPSC NDA polity descriptive notes and NDA polity study material pdf.
Perfect 👍 Let’s now create NDA-style MCQs on the Speaker, Deputy Speaker, and Pro-Tem Speaker with answers and detailed explanations.
✅ NDA Polity Practice MCQs – Speaker of the Lok Sabha
Q1. Who presides over the first sitting of the newly elected Lok Sabha?
(a) Speaker
(b) Deputy Speaker
(c) Pro-Tem Speaker
(d) President
Answer: (c) Pro-Tem Speaker
Explanation:
The Pro-Tem Speaker (appointed by the President from among the senior-most members) presides over the first sitting of the newly elected Lok Sabha. He administers oaths to members and conducts the election of the Speaker. Once the new Speaker is chosen, the role of the Pro-Tem Speaker ends. This fact is directly tested in UPSC NDA polity notes preparation.
Q2. The Speaker of Lok Sabha continues in office—
(a) Till the next Speaker is elected
(b) Till the dissolution of Lok Sabha
(c) For 5 years irrespective of dissolution
(d) Till the President removes him
Answer: (a) Till the next Speaker is elected
Explanation:
Even after the Lok Sabha is dissolved, the Speaker continues in office until the new House elects a new Speaker. This ensures there is no vacancy in the presiding office. This provision safeguards parliamentary continuity and is important for NDA polity MCQs and UPSC NDA exam preparation notes.
Q3. Which of the following statements is correct about the Speaker of Lok Sabha?
- The Speaker does not vote in the first instance.
- The Speaker’s decision on a Money Bill is final.
- The Speaker can be removed by a resolution passed by a majority of the total membership of Lok Sabha.
Options:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3
Explanation:
- The Speaker does not vote in the first instance, but exercises a casting vote in case of a tie.
- The Speaker’s decision on Money Bills is final (Article 110).
- The Speaker can be removed by a resolution passed with a majority of the total membership of Lok Sabha.
All three are correct, making (d) the right answer. This type of multiple-statement question is common in NDA polity section and UPSC NDA study material pdf.
Q4. The salary and allowances of the Speaker of Lok Sabha are—
(a) Decided by Parliament and voted annually
(b) Charged on the Consolidated Fund of India
(c) Paid from the Contingency Fund of India
(d) Decided by the Finance Minister
Answer: (b) Charged on the Consolidated Fund of India
Explanation:
The salary and allowances of the Speaker are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India. This ensures independence of the office, as the salary cannot be altered by the will of the ruling majority in Parliament. NDA frequently tests such questions as part of UPSC NDA polity notes preparation.
Q5. Who presides over the Joint Sitting of Parliament under Article 108?
(a) Vice-President
(b) Prime Minister
(c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
(d) Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha
Answer: (c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
Explanation:
The Speaker of Lok Sabha presides over the Joint Sitting of Parliament. If the Speaker is absent, the Deputy Speaker presides. If both are absent, the Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha presides. This question is a classic favorite in NDA polity exam papers and is explained in UPSC NDA polity study material pdf.
Q6. Who decides disqualification of MPs on grounds of defection under the Tenth Schedule?
(a) President of India
(b) Speaker of Lok Sabha
(c) Election Commission of India
(d) Supreme Court of India
Answer: (b) Speaker of Lok Sabha
Explanation:
Under the Anti-Defection Law (Tenth Schedule), the Speaker of Lok Sabha decides on disqualification of MPs. However, the Speaker’s decision is subject to judicial review by the Supreme Court (Kihoto Hollohan Case, 1992). NDA aspirants should remember this because it is directly linked with UPSC NDA polity notes preparation and exam practice sets.
Q7. Which of the following is NOT true about the Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha?
(a) He presides in the absence of the Speaker.
(b) He must resign from his original political party.
(c) He can be removed by a resolution passed in Lok Sabha.
(d) His office ceases immediately after the dissolution of Lok Sabha.
Answer: (d) His office ceases immediately after the dissolution of Lok Sabha.
Explanation:
Like the Speaker, the Deputy Speaker also continues in office until the new House is constituted and elects a new Deputy Speaker. His office does not cease immediately on dissolution. The NDA exam often frames tricky questions like this, covered in UPSC NDA polity notes and study material pdf.
This study material is designed specifically for NDA aspirants. Regular revision and practice of these concepts will help in both written examination and SSB interview preparation.
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