Anand Classes provides a detailed explanation of the Parts of the Constitution of India, an important topic for NDA exam preparation. The Indian Constitution is divided into 25 Parts, each dealing with different aspects such as Union Government, State Government, Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties, Directive Principles of State Policy, Emergency Provisions, Elections, and more. Understanding these Parts is crucial for scoring well in NDA polity and building strong conceptual clarity. 👉 Click the print button to download NDA study material and notes.
Parts of the Constitution of India
The Constitution of India is divided into 25 Parts, each dealing with specific provisions that define the structure, powers, and functions of the Union, States, and citizens. Below is a detailed description of all the Parts:
Part I (Articles 1–4)
- Deals with the territory of India, formation of new states, and alteration of names, areas, or boundaries of existing states.
Part II (Articles 5–11)
- Relates to citizenship provisions at the commencement of the Constitution.
Part III (Articles 12–35)
- Deals with Fundamental Rights of Indian citizens.
Part IV (Articles 36–51)
- Contains the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs), guiding the State in governance.
Part IV-A (Article 51A)
- Added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment (1976).
- Contains the Fundamental Duties of citizens.
Part V (Articles 52–151)
- Deals with the Union Government.
- Covers the President, Vice-President, Prime Minister, Council of Ministers, Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha), Attorney General, Comptroller & Auditor-General (CAG) and their functions.
Part VI (Articles 152–237)
- Deals with the State Governments.
- Includes the Governor, Chief Minister and Council of Ministers, State Legislatures, High Courts, and Advocate General of the State.
- Article 152 exempts Jammu & Kashmir from being considered as an “ordinary state.”
Part VII (Article 238)
- Dealt with Part B States but was repealed by the 7th Amendment (1956).
Part VIII (Articles 239–241)
- Deals with Union Territories.
Part IX (Articles 243–243O)
- Added by the 73rd Amendment (1992).
- Introduced Panchayati Raj system and the 11th Schedule, containing 29 subjects related to Panchayats.
Part IX-A (Articles 243P–243ZG)
- Added by the 74th Amendment (1992).
- Deals with Municipalities and introduced the 12th Schedule, containing 18 subjects.
Part IX-B (Articles 243ZH–243ZT)
- Added by the 97th Amendment (2011).
- Deals with Co-operative Societies.
Part X (Articles 244–244A)
- Deals with Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas.
Part XI (Articles 245–263)
- Defines the relation between Union and States.
- Covers legislative, administrative, and financial relations.
Part XII (Articles 264–300A)
- Relates to Finance, Property, Contracts, and Suits.
- Includes provisions about the Finance Commission (Article 280).
Part XIII (Articles 301–307)
- Relates to Trade, Commerce, and Intercourse within the territory of India.
Part XIV (Articles 308–323)
- Deals with Services under the Union and States.
- Includes provisions related to Public Service Commissions.
Part XIV-A (Articles 323A–323B)
- Added by the 42nd Amendment (1976).
- Deals with Tribunals.
Part XV (Articles 324–329A)
- Relates to Elections.
- Covers the Election Commission of India (ECI) and electoral laws.
Part XVI (Articles 330–342)
- Deals with special provisions for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Anglo-Indian representation.
Part XVII (Articles 343–351)
- Relates to the Official Languages of India.
Part XVIII (Articles 352–360)
- Deals with Emergency Provisions:
- National Emergency (Art. 352)
- President’s Rule (Art. 356)
- Financial Emergency (Art. 360)
Part XIX (Articles 361–367)
- Contains Miscellaneous Provisions.
Part XX (Article 368)
- Deals with the Amendment of the Constitution.
Part XXI (Articles 369–392)
- Contains Temporary, Transitional, and Special Provisions.
Part XXII (Articles 393–395)
- Deals with Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi, and Repeals.
Parts of the Constitution of India (Summary Table for NDA Exam)
| Part | Articles | Subject / Key Provisions |
|---|---|---|
| Part I | 1–4 | Territory of India, formation of new states, alteration of names & areas |
| Part II | 5–11 | Citizenship |
| Part III | 12–35 | Fundamental Rights |
| Part IV | 36–51 | Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs) |
| Part IV-A | 51A | Fundamental Duties (Added by 42nd Amendment, 1976) |
| Part V | 52–151 | Union Government – President, VP, PM, Council of Ministers, Parliament, Attorney General, CAG |
| Part VI | 152–237 | State Governments – Governor, CM & Ministers, State Legislatures, High Courts, Advocate General |
| Part VII | 238 | States in Part B (Repealed by 7th Amendment, 1956) |
| Part VIII | 239–241 | Union Territories |
| Part IX | 243–243O | Panchayati Raj – (73rd Amendment, 1992), 11th Schedule (29 subjects) |
| Part IX-A | 243P–243ZG | Municipalities – (74th Amendment, 1992), 12th Schedule (18 subjects) |
| Part IX-B | 243ZH–243ZT | Co-operative Societies (97th Amendment, 2011) |
| Part X | 244–244A | Scheduled & Tribal Areas |
| Part XI | 245–263 | Relations between Union & States (Legislative, Administrative, Financial) |
| Part XII | 264–300A | Finance, Property, Contracts, Suits, Finance Commission (Art. 280) |
| Part XIII | 301–307 | Trade, Commerce & Intercourse within India |
| Part XIV | 308–323 | Services under Union & States, Public Service Commissions |
| Part XIV-A | 323A–323B | Tribunals (42nd Amendment, 1976) |
| Part XV | 324–329A | Elections, Election Commission of India |
| Part XVI | 330–342 | Special provisions for SCs, STs, Anglo-Indians |
| Part XVII | 343–351 | Official Languages |
| Part XVIII | 352–360 | Emergency Provisions – National, State & Financial Emergencies |
| Part XIX | 361–367 | Miscellaneous Provisions |
| Part XX | 368 | Amendment of the Constitution |
| Part XXI | 369–392 | Temporary, Transitional & Special Provisions |
| Part XXII | 393–395 | Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi, Repeals |
FAQs on Parts of the Constitution of India (For NDA Exam)
Q1. How many parts are there in the Constitution of India?
Ans. There are 25 Parts in the Constitution of India, covering subjects like Union & State Government, Fundamental Rights, Duties, Directive Principles, and Emergency provisions.
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Q2. Which Part of the Constitution deals with Fundamental Rights?
Ans. Part III (Articles 12–35) deals with Fundamental Rights, ensuring equality, freedom, right against exploitation, freedom of religion, cultural & educational rights, and right to constitutional remedies.
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Q3. In which Part of the Constitution are the Fundamental Duties mentioned?
Ans. Part IV-A (Article 51A) contains Fundamental Duties. It was added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment, 1976.
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Q4. Which Part of the Constitution deals with the Union Government?
Ans. Part V (Articles 52–151) deals with the Union Government, including the President, Vice President, Prime Minister, Parliament, Attorney General, and CAG.
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Q5. Which Part of the Constitution deals with the State Governments?
Ans. Part VI (Articles 152–237) deals with the State Governments, including the Governor, Chief Minister, State Legislature, Advocate General, and High Courts.
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Q6. Which Part of the Constitution deals with Panchayati Raj and Municipalities?
Ans. Part IX (Panchayati Raj, 73rd Amendment, 1992) and Part IX-A (Municipalities, 74th Amendment, 1992) introduced local self-government in India.
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Q7. Which Part of the Constitution deals with Emergency Provisions?
Ans. Part XVIII (Articles 352–360) deals with National Emergency, State Emergency (President’s Rule), and Financial Emergency.
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Q8. Which Part of the Constitution deals with the Amendment of the Constitution?
Ans. Part XX (Article 368) deals with the procedure for amending the Constitution.
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MCQs on Parts of the Constitution of India (For NDA Exam Preparation)
Q1. How many Parts are there in the Constitution of India?
A) 22
B) 25
C) 20
D) 18
✅ Answer: B) 25
Explanation: The Indian Constitution originally had 22 Parts, but now it consists of 25 Parts after various amendments.
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Q2. Which Part of the Constitution deals with Fundamental Rights?
A) Part II
B) Part III
C) Part IV
D) Part V
✅ Answer: B) Part III
Explanation: Part III (Articles 12–35) enshrines Fundamental Rights for Indian citizens.
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Q3. Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution by which Amendment?
A) 42nd Amendment, 1976
B) 44th Amendment, 1978
C) 73rd Amendment, 1992
D) 61st Amendment, 1989
✅ Answer: A) 42nd Amendment, 1976
Explanation: Fundamental Duties were included in Part IV-A, Article 51A by the 42nd Amendment.
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Q4. Which Part of the Constitution deals with Union Government?
A) Part IV
B) Part V
C) Part VI
D) Part VIII
✅ Answer: B) Part V
Explanation: Part V (Articles 52–151) contains provisions regarding Union Government such as President, Vice-President, Prime Minister, Parliament, and CAG.
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Q5. Which Part of the Constitution deals with Panchayati Raj?
A) Part VII
B) Part VIII
C) Part IX
D) Part X
✅ Answer: C) Part IX
Explanation: Part IX was added by the 73rd Amendment, 1992 and deals with Panchayati Raj Institutions.
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Q6. Which Part of the Constitution deals with Emergency Provisions?
A) Part XVI
B) Part XVII
C) Part XVIII
D) Part XIX
✅ Answer: C) Part XVIII
Explanation: Articles 352–360 in Part XVIII deal with Emergency provisions (National, State, and Financial Emergencies).
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Q7. Which Part of the Constitution contains provisions related to Elections?
A) Part XV
B) Part XII
C) Part XIII
D) Part XIV
✅ Answer: A) Part XV
Explanation: Part XV (Articles 324–329A) deals with elections and the Election Commission of India.
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Q8. Which Part of the Constitution deals with the Amendment procedure?
A) Part XIX
B) Part XX
C) Part XXI
D) Part XXII
✅ Answer: B) Part XX
Explanation: Article 368 in Part XX lays down the procedure for amending the Constitution.
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